Should we be excited about Woolworths’ plans to expand its share of the hardware and home improvement market?

Which end of the hammer will consumers be on?

Well that depends on whether you are concerned about the level of dominance that Woolworths already has in the retail sector.

With Woolworths already dominant in the grocery, petrol and liquor market it was only a matter of time before it tried to leverage its considerable market power into other retail sectors.

Clearly, last week’s hardware play is just another example of Woolworths spreading its tentacles and increasing its dominance across the broader retail market.

In doing so, Woolworths is no doubt seeking to expand its market power and with it the considerable pricing power that it already enjoys in key retail sectors.

What does pricing power mean? Quite simply, pricing power refers to the ability of companies like Woolworths to drive up retail prices to the detriment of consumers.

We already know that the dominance of Woolworths and Coles in the grocery sector is costing consumers dearly through higher grocery prices.

In fact, the dominance of Woolworths and Coles in the grocery sector has consistently given Australia one of the highest levels of food inflation in the OECD.

A careful review of food inflation in the OECD during the past ten years reveals a bleak picture in which Australian consumers keep getting hit with higher grocery prices.

With Australian consumers paying higher grocery prices than most other countries in the OECD, serious questions need to be asked about the growing dominance of the major supermarket chains.

Consumers certainly don’t need a repeat of those higher grocery prices in the hardware and home improvement sector.

Unfortunately, that’s exactly what will happen if Woolworths and Bunnings/Coles come to dominate the hardware and home improvement sector to the same extent that they have done in groceries.

For those dismissive of the threat to competition and consumers posed by the growing dominance of the major supermarket chains, it’s timely to bust some myths.

For starters, Coles and Woolworths are not always the cheapest on price or the most convenient. Similarly, small businesses are not always the most expensive on price.

What keeps both the big boys and small businesses honest is the presence of strong and diverse competitors in the local market. Where competition is weak or fails in the local market, prices go up. Conversely, prices are lower where there are strong independents in the market.

With market dominance giving companies substantial pricing power, there can be no doubt that the Woolworths hardware play is clearly designed to extend Woolworths’ dominance into the hardware sector with the ultimate goal of increasing its pricing power in that sector.

Woolworths already has a presence in the hardware market with the extensive hardware and home products range in its Big W stores and its more limited hardware and home product offer in its supermarkets.

Through its hardware play Woolworths will be able to quickly and substantially expand its share and control of the hardware market.

Its strategy is simple. First, Woolworths will quickly neutralise and knock out the independents.

These independent hardware stores are a strong source of competition. They are spread throughout the suburbs and have provided price competition and a level of service that has enabled them to remain competitive.

The strong competition provided by these independent hardware stores is clearly a thorn in the side of any big business seeking to expand its dominance in the hardware sector.

A smart operator like Woolworths would know that and is clever and powerful enough to do whatever it takes to neutralise those independent competitors.

This explains the Woolworths bid for Danks, the independent distributor to over 1500 independent hardware stores.

Woolworths knows full well that by taking over Danks it will know the business details of all the independents that Danks supplies and will simply buy out the more successful independents as quickly as possible to eliminate them as competitors.

In addition, by adding 150 new “big box” hardware and home improvement centres, Woolworths will also be trying to knock out the independents around the “big box” centres so as to further eliminate independent competitors.

In this way, the Woolworths hardware play is simply designed to knock out independent hardware stores by taking out the distributor to over 1500 independents so as to leave those independents exposed to a Woolworths “buy out” or “knock out” strategy to remove the independents from the market.

With the Woolworths hardware play inevitably leading to the increased dominance of both Woolworths and Bunnings/Coles in the hardware sector, consumers should be prepared for higher hardware prices over time.

We know from the grocery sector that Woolworths and Coles shadow one another on price and they will simply do the same in hardware.

In short, increased dominance by Woolworths and Bunnings/Coles in the hardware sector will bring higher hardware prices for consumers as Woolworths and Bunnings/Coles will just shadow one another on price once they knock out the independent operators. The major supermarket chains do that in groceries and petrol, and they will do the same in hardware. Higher prices are not good for consumers.

With this context, the Woolworths hardware play is a critical test for Australia’s competition laws and is further proof of the need for effective laws against creeping acquisitions by the likes of Woolworths designed to knock out independent competition in key retail markets so as to push up prices to the detriment of consumers.

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    • Samuel J says:

      07:17am | 02/09/09

      Oh Frank, you have it so wrong. Woolies and Coles have driven down grocery prices. Go to any IGA supermarket and you’ll see that it is much more expensive. In real terms, grocery prices are considerably cheaper than 10 years ago - thanks to the efficiency of new distribution networks and intense competition. Don’t you think Aldi offers competition?  As for Woolies moving into hardware - FANTASTIC.  Bunnings needs some competition. We have a great range of products available at great prices. Don’t complain about competition.

    • Jonathan says:

      08:26am | 02/09/09

      Samuel J:  If Woolies and Coles have driven down grocery prices, why are fruit and veg twice as expensive at Woolies and Coles than they are at the Chinatown markets?  And the markets have better quality produce.
      I’m not a fan of the big box store because they’re completely impersonal.  Sure they’ve got some alright stuff at some ok prices, but the experience of going to them drains my will to live.  Give me a small retailer who knows their stuff and cares about what they do over an apron-clad “associate” (or whatever the buzzword for employee is this week).

    • Dave says:

      08:54am | 02/09/09

      Yes, Samuel J, the big retailers do it cheap but it is not because of the “efficiency of new distribution networks”. It is because of the unrelenting torment they place on their supply chain due to unreasonable purchasing power. Let me give you some examples on big two retail policy so you can get an idea:
      1. Big retailer A has a distribution centre in sydney. Suppliers/logistics companies must book to be unloaded at the distribution centre in advance, which is a fair system and nobody complains about it. However, due to dock understaffing, the majority of trucks have to wait up to three hours past their booking at the dock. Think about what that takes out of the logistics system in the Sydney metropolitan area, and how much money that costs the logistics industry and their suppliers. By saving five to ten jobs retailer A has effectively cost hundreds in the Sydney metro. Do you think they care? Of course not, they are in a position where people will have to buy from them no matter what.
      2. Big Retailer B is approached by a supplier of generic supplies. The supplier has had to incur a 75% increase in the price of his raw materials and simply cannot do business at the current tendered price - he will go broke. Rather than negotiate the price with the supplier, big retailer B proceeds to:
      a. Delist the company and put the entire contract out to tender
      b. If the supplier happens to regain the tender, force them to re purchase the shelf space, which can be thousands of dollars.
      If you don’t like it, tough. Try selling to someone else. The supplier in this case had to lay off twenty staff, as he decided not to retender for the supply. As a result, big retailer B now imports those materials.

      c. Big retailer A decides that, at the end of this financial year, they want to show the lowest inventory possible on their books regardless of the demand going out of their supermarkets. As a result, they enact a policy in February giving product managers bonuses if they show a low inventory count in their products. As a result, the manufacturing industry in Australia goes bust for three months towards June and then absolutely explodes every year in July and August. The consequences? Inability to run at capacity, inability to employ permanent staff, and the resulting effects of that - otherwise a general loss of equity to the rest of the nation.

      This is the way the retail industry behaves in its “efficient distribution network” Samuel.

    • Matt H says:

      08:56am | 02/09/09

      Frank - “priceing power” actually means I can get an electric drill for $20 at Bunnings, because they have economies of scale in distribution and buying power from their suppliers.
      If I go to my local hardware store, I’ll pay more than $100 - I’ll get a much better drill, but I’m not a tradie and I don’t mind if the thing bursts into flames after a year. Which actually happened and was quite cool, if a little disconcerting at first.
      The local stores will continue to win - as does mine (insert shameless plug for Booth and Taylor Hardware in Annandale) - on service and advice.
      The Booth and Taylor guys know everything and take the time to build a loyal customer base. They’ve done quite well out of me.
      Bunnings is great on price, hopeless on service. But what a powerful thing price is for them. And Woolies will only make it more competitive.
      Bring it on. I need more exploding toys.

    • Fiona says:

      12:17pm | 02/09/09

      I wrote a post on my blog a few days about Woolies if anyone is interested:
      http://fionamackenzie.com.au/marketing-strategy/bunnings-and-woolies-take-your-seats.html

      I think small independents should be very nervous (so I agree with you Frank), but I think Bunnings is too strong for Woolies to really make a dent in it. Woolies has a long, hard road ahead of it to gain real market traction. If I was the supply chain, I might be feeling twitchy too. I reckon the next thing we’ll see is “home brand” hardware goods.

      Just my 5 cents worth.

    • Samuel J. says:

      03:10pm | 02/09/09

      Look guys, if you don’t like Woolies or Coles - don’t shop there.  It’s not as if someone is putting a gun to your head to force you to shop. Do you really want the Government to tell you where and when you should shop?  At least with the free market we all get to choose.  Choose wisely is all I say.

    • Katie says:

      07:09pm | 02/09/09

      I live in a small city with a population over 30,000.  The only hardware store in town is a Bunnings Hardware Warehouse.  Really, really sad hey! 
      Something needs to be done about Coles and Woolies.  The more these chains grow the lower their prices yes…. but at what cost! ?  Eventually (maybe even currently) it will be the consumer who will suffer.  When independants find it harder and harder to to compete, and producers find themselves at the mercy of two corporate juggernaughts.  Can you really expect that the effects of this will not eventually trickle into the community…  It is simple economics…
      By the way… are you really paying less?  The very powerful are vey clever at finding ways to make us part with our money without us even noticing it !

    • cat says:

      09:07pm | 02/09/09

      Samuel J., ‘if you don’t like Woolies or Coles-don’t shop there’...great advice, but what happens when they end up being the only choices? There is no free market as these major buyers dictate to all their suppliers what they will pay for their products, regardless of what it costs to manufacture. Eventually those jobs will be gone. Their prices are not cheapest - only in an area where there is competition do they have cheap groceries…‘til the competition is gone. Anyone who thinks it’s ok for one company to control the vast majority of their suburb, should be thinking twice about where they spend their dollars. Woolies is already into fuel stations, pubs, gambling machines - they want to start their own cornerstores (Thomas Duck’s) and now hardware. Will our eventual choice be, do we want to live in a Coles city or a Woolies city? A Coles or Woolies backed gov’t? Too much power in too few hands.

    • I. Tarbell says:

      10:32pm | 02/09/09

      Oh Samuel, how sad it is to see that you’ve allowed yourself to be fooled by Woolworths/Coles and those that falsely claim to support the “free market”.

      Only the gullible and naive allow themselves to be duped by tWoolworths/Coles propaganda, as they seek to destroy the very “free market”  that they claim to espouse -  and you seem to have swallowed it hook, line and sinker.

      Firstly Samuel, anyone that is deluded enough to think that, “Woolies and Coles have driven down grocery prices” obviously doesn’t do the weekly shopping.

      If you want to discover the true facts, simply go the Australian Bureau of Statistics;

      http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/6401.0Jun 2009?OpenDocument

      and you’ll find a wealth of information of how wrong you are.

      Just a few examples to help dispell the myths;

      Since 1990, the general rate of inflation in Australia (excluding food) has been 63%.

      But what’s happened to the prices of the supermarket basics such as; bread, milk and eggs over the same period ????????

      Well the ABS figures show;
        - the retail price of BREAD has skyrocketed in price by 144%,
        - the retail price of MILK has increased by an incredible 117% (despite the farmgate price of milk being lower today than it was in 1990)
        -and EGGS have increased in price by a whopping 108%.

      Surely Samuel, with this official data, no one can be so foolish to still cling to the delusion that in “real terms, grocery prices are considerably cheaper than 10 years ago” and that “Woolies and Coles have driven prices down”.

      And while you are at it Samuel, take the time to go and look at OCED statistics;

      http://www.oecd.org/home/0,2987,en_2649_201185_1_1_1_1_1,00.html

      and you’ll discover the shocking truth, that Woolworths/Coles have simply been spinning lies about “efficiency and intense competition” to dupe people such as yourself.

      The OCED figures clearly show that “Woolies and Coles have NOT driven prices down”, but in fact. Woolies and Coles have driven prices UP, and driven them UP faster than anywhere else in the developed world.

      Australia is the Gold medal winner for accelerating supermarket prices.
      And if you want to calculate how much your family is being ripped off EVERY WEEK by the Woolworths/Coles duopoly in Australia, just go and have a look at prices that Woolworths sells things for in New Zealand, where independents are able compete on a level playing field.

      And for a complete the picture of the extent of the rip-off of Australian families by the Woolworths/Coles duopoly in Australia, go have look at the prices that your favourite groceries items are sold at in the UK, http://www.mysupermarket.co.uk/  and I’m sure you feel physical sick.


      But at least Samuel, you are right about one thing, we really don’t want “the Government to tell us where we should shop”.

      However, unfortunately Samuel, that is exactly what the Government is doing, as the Government uses restrictive zoning laws to shield Woolworths/Coles from competition, by blocking independents from competing against the entrench duopoly .

      Just check out - Woolworths Limited v The Warehouse Group (Australia) Pty Ltd [2003] NSWLEC 31

      [2003] NSWLEC 31http://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/sinodisp/au/cases/nsw/NSWLEC/2003/31.html?query=‘clints warehouse”

      And you’ll learn how the Government uses regulation “to tell us where we should shop” (i.e at Woolworths or Coles)

      So Samuel, with all this evidence do you still believe that Professor Zumbo has it all wrong when he warns of the risks of allowing Australia’s hardware market to degenerate into a duopoly like our supermarkets have ?

      In conclusion Samuel,  try your local independent fruiter and you might be surprised not only how much you’ll save but how much better the quality you’ll get, and be smart enough to realise that you are getting ripped off under the Woolworths/Coles duopoly.

      And if you are serious about getting more competition, how about joining the call for Woolworths/Coles to give up their protective covenants in leases that they use to protect themselves from competition ?

    • cat says:

      08:15pm | 03/09/09

      In regards to ‘safety’ in blocking other supermarkets opening up in the same shopping centre as Woolies/Coles…if they’re so good at what they do, what are they afraid of? A little competition?

    • richard heywood says:

      03:47pm | 21/01/10

      Dude, my weekly shopping expenses from woolies / coles are less than $30.  a week . I do the majority of my dry goods shopping at Aldi [ better value ]  , get the meat from the local butcher [ better quality ] the fruit from the local fruit barn [ once again better quality / fresher produce] the eggs from the local free range guy and the bread from the bakery [ better quality and more variety ] . The only things I get from the big boys is specific brands or products I can’t get elsewhere. Don’t get hot under the collar about these guys just shop elsewhere , and , don’t be a lazy shopper and try and get everything in one store, spread your cash around the retailers its good for the economy [ diversity of retailers -esp. small business- no monopolies / cartels] and you get better value and better produce for your money.

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