There’s been a long-standing, slightly confused and often-broken taboo on reporting suicides. Many believe – perhaps without basis – that just talking about suicide could lead to ‘copycats’. But all the important players agree that it should be discussed, and today the Australian Press Council has released new standards for media coverage of suicides. The Punch spoke to Press Council chair Julian Disney about the changes and what he hopes they’ll achieve.

Q. What’s changed?
A. There was a Senate inquiry that gathered evidence from a number of perspectives and found the Mindframe guidelines should be reviewed – and we thought we should review ours as well. In particular that related to whether there was a feeling in the media that discussion of suicide was taboo. Our guidelines never said that (it should be taboo), and the Mindframe ones didn’t either.
We wanted to correct that (feeling), so to us the most important thing within the guidelines is we want to make it very clear that general discussion of suicide issues is not a taboo topic, that it can often be in the public benefit because it can help the public and governments understand the problem and help push for better action to prevent suicide.
Relatives often want suicide discussed. It can promote better understanding and action to prevent it.
Q. Does this mean all suicides can be or should be reported?
A. Some of the internal codes of newspapers are very strict, probably too strict; for example, they might say never mention the method or location.
We want our standards to be not so strict - so they’ll actually be applied. So we’ve tried to be more specific.
A particular concern is the need for special care in relation to young people. There are different audiences here. The issues and concerns are different for older people – obviously the voluntary euthanasia issue (is at the other end of the spectrum).
There is a concern that if the reporting isn’t responsible it might make young people think about it.
The things to avoid are firstly to be particularly cautious when it’s young people, secondly a major problem is if headlines or photos are too big and too graphic. That’s partly because the story gets to people who are particularly vulnerable. If it’s put in a sober way (with less prominence), people can think about it. Prominence can often cause the problem.
There also needs to be a special concern about celebrity deaths. (Although) after (Nirvana lead singer) Kurt Cobain killed himself, a mixture of responsible reporting and his family’s handling meant there was actually a reduction in suicides, and only one that could be attributed to him.
Certainly the identity shouldn’t be reported – unless it’s clearly in the public interest or there’s informed consent of the relatives.
The last thing to mention in relation to method or location is we don’t want open slather but we also want to be sensible… the main danger is details of a method, a new drug, things like that. But you can (report it) if it’s clearly in the public interest.
The last thing is ... a key element is the advent of social media, particularly in relation to young people. It’s unrealistic to believe young people won’t find out about a death amongst their close peer group. Facebook and Twitter make it more likely - they also in some ways increase the risk of inaccurate information.
There is a need for the mainstream media to be able to say things in this area because it may be able to nip false information in the bud.
Q. Are there people who’ll criticise these changes, and blame you for an increased risk of suicide?
A. (The Press Council spoke to a range of media organisations, and community and government organisations including beyondblue, lifeline, Mindframe, and SANE). They’re all comfortable with them (although) there’s always a risk of them being misrepresented.
Q. Do you trust all media to faithfully follow the standards?
There’s always a risk of it going astray, but in the analyses done by people on the quality of the media coverage of suicide, they feel it’s been improving. But also we have to say what we think is right. The key answer now is to monitor it properly, and that’s what we’ll do - we won’t just wait for complaints.
We are encouraging more reporting, but in other areas we may be more restrictive.
Q. What next?
This is the first of our new standards project, and it’s putting them in a clearer way. The next one will be to do with accessing patients in hospital and nursing homes. That will be stricter.
If you are depressed, suicidal, or just need to talk to someone, contact beyondblue, Lifeline, or Sane.
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