Australia’s immigration detention system is at breaking point.

Events on Christmas Island over recent weeks are a clear expression of the frustration and despair felt by asylum seekers, some of whom have spent over two years behind bars in remote, overcrowded centres, waiting for their claims to be processed.
The escalation of turmoil follows months of increasing unrest in detention centres around the country. Incidents of self-harm, including hunger strikes and attempted suicide, have been steadily rising.
These recent events are depressingly reminiscent of the early 2000s when lip-sewing, suicides and protests in detention centres were common occurrences. Many Australians thought those days were over.
However, despite the humane approach promised by the current government, as the number of boats arriving in Australia has increased, so too has the pressure on the immigration detention system.
Clearly it is not coping. It’s worth recapping the status quo. Some 7,000 people are currently being held in immigration detention in Australia. More than 3,100 of these people are asylum seekers who have already been detained for between six and 12 months.
A further 500 have been detained for over a year, a number for over two years. Most of these people have no idea of how much longer it will take to process their claims.
Additionally, there are hundreds of people who have been told they have qualified as refugees, but months later are still waiting for ASIO security clearances.
The Department of Immigration’s own guidelines state that in most cases the initial refugee status assessment should take no longer than 90 days.
There is no question that the detention conditions on Christmas Island are extreme. The island is over 2000 kilometres from the Australian mainland. You need a passport to get there.
The main detention centre on Christmas Island, the scene of recent unrest, was originally built to house 400 asylum seekers. By last week, it was home to almost 2,000 men.
Because of Christmas Island’s remote location, it has proven impossible for the government to provide adequate levels of essential services, including mental health support, to detainees being held there.
This support is crucial in such centres, given the fact that extended periods of detention are proven to diminish the ability of people to cope with their situation.
For people who have experienced severe trauma and risked everything to seek safety, this sort of prolonged, remote, and indefinite detention often leads to unbearable uncertainty, frustration and fear.
When Amnesty International visited Christmas Island and other remote detention facilities in October last year, the level of distress among detainees was palpable.
Dozens of men on Christmas Island had noticeable scars on their wrists and others admitted to having attempted suicide. Men and women were breaking down within minutes of speaking with our delegation.
We reported our findings from that visit to the UN Committee Against Torture, highlighting the increasingly dire conditions.
National and international organisations, including Amnesty International, have repeatedly condemned Australia’s policies regarding mandatory, indefinite and remote detention.
The UN Human Rights Committee and the Australian Human Rights Commission are among the organisations who have criticised immigration detention practices in Australia, with the latter recommending that the government stop using Christmas Island as a place of detention.
So far, the government response to the pressure on the detention facilities on Christmas Island has been to announce more detention places on the Australian mainland.
Amnesty International has consistently maintained that this is not the answer. Not only is detention costly to Australian taxpayers, but it is unnecessary to detain people beyond the brief period of time required to undertake checks to ensure that they do not pose a health or security risk to the community.
Asylum seekers who come to Australia by boat are not illegal. They are not locked up because they have committed a crime, but as a result of exercising their legal right to seek asylum in Australia. This is a right protected by both Australian and international law.
Remote, indefinite detention is simply not an appropriate response to people exercising this right. It’s time for better, more humane approach that doesn’t risk re-traumatising people who have fled war, violence and persecution.
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