What happened
An Arab Spring first sprung late last year, when Mohamed Bouazizi, a Tunisian street vendor, set himself on fire to protest the humiliation heaped upon him by government officials.

A bloody end to a bloody reign.

Protests flared across Tunisia afterwards, toppling the local tinpot dictator and inspiring people in Egypt, Libya, Syria, Yemen, Bahrain and many other countries to take to the streets against their governments.

While there were several Big Moments from the Arab Spring this year - think the Egyptians occupying Tahrir Square and Hosni Mubarak finally giving in to protesters - the moment The Punch believes said the most about the promise, pitfalls and pragmatism of the Arab Spring was the ousting and killing of the “Mad Dog of the Middle East”, Libyan dictator Colonel Muammar Gaddafi.

Libyans first revolted against Gaddafi in February and much of the country soon fell out of his control. Gaddafi retaliated ruthlessly, massacring his own citizens from army helicopters and threatening to go “door to door” killing rebels who had liberated the city of Benghazi. In response, NATO launched an air strike campaign to protect the rebels and destroy Gaddafi’s regime - the only Western military intervention in the Arab Spring.

After months of civil war, Gaddafi’s regime finally collapsed. Gaddafi was eventually captured by rebels and soon shot dead.

What happened next
The scene after Gaddafi’s capture was not pretty.

He was promptly beaten by his captors. One video from the scene showed Gaddafi being sodomised with a knife prior to the shooting. The chief prosecutor of the International Criminal Court has said his treatment may well constitute a war crime.

Gaddafi was held on display in a refrigerated room designed for groceries. 

However, like Egypt and Tunisia, Libya is no longer under authoritarian rule and is governed by a transitional administration. Whether or not these countries will all make the jump to a full-fledged democracy is yet to be seen.

What we learned
Ultimately, human dignity can only take so much degradation from authoritarian regimes before people feel compelled to rise up and protest. The boot stomping on the face of humanity that George Orwell wrote about can only stomp for so long before some dictator’s foot gets bitten off.

However, just as we saw that festive crowds sweep through Egypt’s Tahrir Square chanting for human rights and democracy, we also learned that revolution has a dark side. Gaddafi’s killing and abuse was a testament to that. As was the gang-sexual harassment of CBS reporter Lara Logan in Tahrir Square.

Another thing we learned is that after the catastrophic cost of Iraq and Afghanistan, the West will now only intervene militarily in the Middle East in a hands-off way if it aligns with their values. Libya was the only country gripped by the Arab Spring the West intervened in, despite calls for similar action in Syria.

NATO flexed its aircraft muscle to protect Libyan civilians from Gaddafi’s statement he was going to massacre them, but there have been suggestions that the West also had interest in the country’s oil reserves. The country is the world’s 17th largest producer of oil, although there could be more as oil exploration in Libya has been limited.

How The Punch covered it
When it comes to Gaddafi, we were quite clucky about this ripper eggsclusive from Punch correspondent Mary Chickenland on the frightening similarities between Colonel Gaddafi and Colonel Sanders:

Gaddafi’s dead. Good. We got Osama and now we got this creep. As The Sun in Britain said: “That’s for Lockerbie”. And as I myself often say: “begeeeeerrrrk”.

On a more serious note, Max Mason explained the fight for Arab freedom from the beginning. Calum Logan exposed the hypocrisy of the West getting worried about Arabian democracy. And ABC broadcaster Mark Colvin wrote at the height of the Tahrir Egyptian protests that it was too soon to revel in the revolution:

The elation of toppling a corrupt dictator is enormously satisfying, but it does not last.

A revolution is not a matter of a week or a fortnight, but of months and often years.

Pragmatic leadership after a revolution is not necessarily enough, and revolutionary turmoil frequently favours, not the best, but the most ruthless.

Put those party poppers away, because it’s still too soon. Where do you see the Arab Spring headed? Let us know in the comments below.

Most commented

43 comments

Show oldest | newest first

    • Erick says:

      04:52am | 21/12/11

      The most significant development I can see is the emergence of more fundamentalist Muslim theocracies. This seems to be the default replacement for despotism in Arab countries.

      The “Arab Spring” seems destined to turn into an Islamic winter, if things keep going as they are now. Democracy has its downside when the majority believes in a toxic ideology.

    • Mahhrat says:

      06:54am | 21/12/11

      I agree.  The MIddle East is yet to have it’s “Renaissance”

    • malohi says:

      06:58am | 21/12/11

      “Democracy has its downside when the majority believes in a toxic ideology.”
      I must say I mulled over that sentence for about 15 minutes.

    • SimonFromLakemba says:

      08:35am | 21/12/11

      Most of the Arab spring countries have had pretty good elections and chose moderate Islamic parties, no different to the conservatives in America.

      Egypt and Libya will be interesting though, more so Egypt as hard line Islamic scholars have been around since the 1920s

      ‘The most significant development I can see is the emergence of more fundamentalist Muslim theocracies’

      Those same Muslim Theocracies we OK for America to support for decades.

    • Richard M says:

      10:29am | 21/12/11

      @ SimonFromLakemba: you are wearing rose-coloured glasses.  The so-called “moderate Islamic parties” are two-faced.  They present one face to the more sophisticated voters in the cities, and to the outside world, and another much more fundamentalist, authoritarian and anti-democratic face to their core rural constituency.  To call, for example, the Islamic Brotherhood in Egypt “moderate’ is a misuse of the term, particularly as they are likely to form an alliance with an Islamo-fascist group whose views are more akin to those of Al Qaeda.  The fact that the latter group got 25% of the vote should give us great concern.
      I’m afraid Erick is right on this occasion.  The final results of the Arab Spring are much more likely to resemble Iran than Turkey.

    • AdamC says:

      10:31am | 21/12/11

      Erick, I am inclined to agree. The replacement of secular, authoritarian regimes with religious authoritarian regimes is a disappointing, if not entirely surprising, outcome of the ‘Arab Spring’. Incidentally, one of the few people willing to call this outcome at the start of the process was Benjamin Netanyahu. Which just goes to show, when you are in the Middle East, the most unopularly contrarian cynic is likely to be right!

      SimonFromLakemba, despite your absurd claims, ‘moderate’ Islamist parties are nothing like American conservatives. I wonder how long people like you will take to start seeing what is really happening in the Arab world as opposed to what everyone would like to be happening.

    • gobsmack says:

      12:01pm | 21/12/11

      It started with the downfall of Saddam Hussein who did a good job in keeping the religious nutters in check.
      With his demise, a large proportion of the Maronite Christians felt the need to flee the country.

    • SimonFromLakemba says:

      12:17pm | 21/12/11

      @Richard M

      Don’t see where in my post I called the Muslim Brotherhood ‘moderate’ depends what you compare it to, if you compare it to the salafi’s then they are.

      @AdamC

      I do see whats going on, Tunisia had elections and its going OK there. I just think we should play it as it goes, I’m not saying everything is going to be great, America had a shot at Iraq and Afghanistan, how did that go?

    • SpagBol says:

      01:20pm | 21/12/11

      There is nothing toxic about Islam, Erick. You are making sweeping generalisations about millions of people, and you wouldn’t stand for it if someone did the same about, oh, I don’t know, men. Just an example.

      People with your attitude are the problem, not Muslims.

    • Erick says:

      03:39pm | 21/12/11

      @SpagBol - To be technical, I was referring to fundamentalist Islam in particular. But to be honest and accurate, Islam in general is toxic.

      Islam advocates the violent conquest of non-Muslims, the rape of women captured in such conquests, the mutilation of thieves, the stoning to death of those who have unlawful sex, and more. All of these things are enshrined in the Koran, which according to Islam is the absolute and unalterable word of Allah.

      If you think Islamic ideology isn’t toxic, you just haven’t studied it.

    • mick says:

      03:51pm | 21/12/11

      This is getting embarrassing Erik.  I am again agreeing with most of your observations. 

      You know of course that it is not trendy to accuse any religion or minority group of anything bad.  As far as Islam is concerned I have to lean on the side of caution as the track record in Australia is beginning to send out ominous signs.  Whilst all these events keep unfolding the pollies who do not want to lose votes continue to grease the wagon of future civil conflict .  We’re all fine now but wait until these folk attain a critical mass.

    • chuck says:

      06:46am | 21/12/11

      Daniel what evidence have you that democracy is on the rise. Is it perchance the fact that there are now demonstrations whereas before there were none?
      Or do you equate democracy with a reversion to fundamentalism which Erick refers to as toxic ideology?
      Maybe the chaos that is unfolding is a desired State Department outcome but that would be too cynical.

    • TChong says:

      07:20am | 21/12/11

      Luckily for the world , the murderous royal oligarchies in Saudi and Bahrain are safely still entrenched, thanks to the good ol US of A.
      Complianrt oil rich depots like the House of Fahd are OK by us, because they sell the US oil.

    • SimonFromLakemba says:

      08:42am | 21/12/11

      If it was so sad, it would be funny, aye?

      Taliban helped to power by America, supported by America and then when no longer useful their worst enemy.

      America fighting against extremism, at the same time their best friend Saudi Arabia funding Madrassas throughout the middle east, mainly Pakistan saying how Christians, Jews and other non Sunni’s are infidels etc.

    • the_pseudonym says:

      08:59am | 21/12/11

      I’m beginning to think you actually live in Golden Book world TChong, with some of the stuff you post, it’s the complete opposite to how the real world the majority of people live in is.  Fairies and unicorns live in the world that begins with…......Once upon a time….................

    • SimonFromLakemba says:

      09:52am | 21/12/11

      @the_pseudonym

      Dont see where TChong was wrong there?

      Not that your post added anything.

    • Bertrand says:

      10:40am | 21/12/11

      I think you might be the one living in a world of make-believe the_pseudonym.

      Are you denying that Saudi Arabia is a dictatorship, or that its alliance and economic ties with America helps it maintain its power?

      I mean, the country is named after the family that owns it.

    • the_pseudonym says:

      11:51am | 21/12/11

      ‘thanks to the good ol US of A.  Complianrt oil rich depots like the House of Fahd are OK by us, because they sell the US oil’.  It’s all the CIA I tells ya, look at ‘em, into everything, the world would be a better place if it wasn’t for them CIA spooks.

    • AdamC says:

      11:58am | 21/12/11

      I wonder what you would all have the US do about Saudi Arabia?

      I assume regime change is not on the agenda? If so, what should the US be doing now that it isn’t doing? Cancel diplomatic relations or something?

    • SimonFromLakembas says:

      12:26pm | 21/12/11

      AdamC

      Being a conservative America lover, I know its hard to admit defeat.

      Here is a country that funds terrorism, teaches terrorism, the majority of the 9/11 hijackers were Saudi, they teach the strictest form of Islam, women have no rights and other religions are banned unless practiced inside your own home.

      Too me that sounds a pretty good reason to force regime change? but that doesn’t matter when you are best bum chums with Bush Snr and Jnr.

      But hey, lets bomb Iraq and Afghanistan.

    • AdamC says:

      12:56pm | 21/12/11

      Simon, well, at least you are up-front about your war-mongering. My view is that any war with Saudi Arabia would be a bad idea. It would horribly disrupt global energy supplies, for one thing. And, given US unwillingness to actually occupy and run conquered territories as colonies, there is no guarantee that the Monarchy wouldn’t be replaced by an Iran-style radical theocracy.

      Incidentally, I also think there is a risk in attributing anything any Saudi does to some scheme by the central government.

      But then, as a leftist America-hater, I am sure you will find any reason to dump on Uncle Sam.

    • SimonFromLakemba says:

      01:48pm | 21/12/11

      Adam

      The current setup you couldn’t get any worse and if you don’t call the current set up radical I don’t know what is.

      War mongering? what the hell you going on about?

      ‘Incidentally, I also think there is a risk in attributing anything any Saudi does to some scheme by the central government’

      So funding Islamic hardline schools, you wouldn’t attribute to the Government? Fair enough..

    • AdamC says:

      02:06pm | 21/12/11

      Simon, you are advocating a war between the US and Saudi Arabia. That is war-mongering, is it not?

      In any event, my point is that there is no guarantee that any successor to the Saudi Monarchy - which is an ultra-conservative autocracy rather than being ‘radical’ - may well be worse than the current arrangements. You only have to look next door to Iran to see what the possible outcome could be. The present Saudi-US relationship based on guarded co-operation is therefore the only real option. Unless you have an actual, realistic alternative?

    • Hamish says:

      02:58pm | 21/12/11

      AdamC and Simon, the crucial issue here is to what extent the US would be happy to essentially colonise Saudi Arabia and run it themselves. Contrary to popular opinion, the US is extremely non-imperialist. Indeed they are clearly the least Imperialistic power in human history. Were the US simply to do another Iraq, an invasion of Saudi Arabia would achieve nothing. The reason the US invaded Iraq (which no one talks about but will be clear 100 years from now) is that Iraq presented a unique opportunity for a liberal democracy in the Arab world. Iraq will hopefully be the catalyst for a slow evolution of the muslim civilisation.

      Saudi Arabia is the least likely of the major muslim countries to embrace liberal democracy, so for a US invasion of Saudi Arabia to produce any benefit the US would have to be willing to stay and rule the Saudis as imperialists for at least a few decades. Unfortunately (for us and the Saudis), it’s unlikely the US will develop the stomach for conquest any time soon.

    • SimonFromLakemba says:

      02:59pm | 21/12/11

      AdamC

      I’m not advocating anything, I’m saying based on previous wars that America has waged, its hypocritical to allow Saudi Arabia to do what they do.

      If you are saying war mongering, the Bush’s between them have started 3, only Afghanistan justified in my opinion.

      Well what could be better? we will never know because you aren’t allowed to protest there, even if the monarchy did get overthrown America would help install a puppet.

      Saudi Arabia has a pretty Pro America and smart non over the top religious man in Prince Al Turki, if anyone I wouldn’t mind seeing him get to the top, but that will never happen.

    • SimonFromLakembas says:

      03:40pm | 21/12/11

      @Hamish

      Correct generally. USA aren’t occupiers, they usually cut and run.

      Britain are the imperialists, and I think looking back have done a pretty good job.

      I honestly can’t see Saudi Arabia getting any better, its just to deep in Islamic tradition, or should I say, Wahhabism.

      In regards to Iraq, its a tricky one, on one hand you can’t argue that the world is better off without Saddam Hussein but then on the other hand, life was more stable under Saddam and people didn’t in-fight. I have a good friend who lived there under Saddam, and he tells me even though he was a dictator - water worked, power worked, the religious groups got a long ( although his side oppressed the other ) and under America, essentials didn’t work, Muslims fought each other and it just became a basket case.

      The current leader of Iraq can hopefully do an OK job with USA pulling the strings in the background, but proof will be in the next 5 years now that USA has pulled out.

    • JR says:

      08:40am | 21/12/11

      Wasn’t the whole Gaddafi thing linked to his push to trade oil in the African dinar, as opposed to US$? Good old Wiki says Libya has the eighth largest oil reserve, and Libya’s Central Bank is 100% state owned. Plenty of opportuniies to make billions AND look like a lover of democracy and human rights in that nutshell.

    • Dieter Moeckel says:

      10:02am | 21/12/11

      JR seems you’ve got a point there.
      Iraq was threatening to trade oil in a Euro based bourse and flood the market, Iran has opened but is yet to trade in a currency other than US dollars and Libya threatened a dinar bourse - could have a point there.
      Hussein threatening to flood the market would have sent the price below the expensive North Sea and Texas oil costs?
      Might also remember that the Japs did their Pearl Harbour trick due to crippling US led sanctions on oil and other resources.
      Most of the Middle East looks at the middle class propaganda emanating from the West as an aspirational model for revolution - unfortunately that’s not what these countries, created by the West as colonies to be exploited for resources not developed into economies that can last, can offer economically or politically hence they fall from the pot into the fire.
      Just incidentally why has no one ever mentioned Brunei a monarchy dictatorship right on our doorstep - also created by the west because of oil.
      It’s never so simple to just pump the oil sell it to the West and share the wealth to every citizen to live happily ever after.
      Beware of the behaviour that we laud it might come back to bite us in the bottom. Police brutality to protect the sensitivities of the wealthy elite is already rampant against the Occupy movement. The police state is never far away when the proletariate rebels and threatens the bourgeoisie even in Australia remember Eureka, the Shearers’ Strike, tyne Coal Strike and the Waterfront Dispute the government was hand in hand with the wealthy elite in each of those disputes.

    • SimonFromLakemba says:

      10:06am | 21/12/11

      And Reagan, Bush 1 and 2 knew it?

      Not doubting on the whole Islam and Democracy dont go hand in hand, but if you look at in perspective - Malaysia, Turkey and Indonesia are no worse then the old soviet block of Orthodox/Christian countries.

      The middle East even if it wanted would struggle with Democracy while there is oil and gas there. America, USA, Saudi, Pakistan, Russia and Syria/Iran will never get their hands out of the pie and keep supporting heads of government that will give them what they want.

    • Dieter Moeckel says:

      10:14am | 21/12/11

      Mike, democracy is a chimera of peoples rights. It does not exist and don’t forget that even in Western democracies the church still intrudes although the touted separation of church and state. “We are a Christian democracy” say again? No one ever says “We are a secular democracy!”
      The Iraqis were better off under Hussein’ secular dictatorship that during the US occupation. Killing over 100 000 and displacing 4 million iraqis was worth it to get rid of Hussein. Tell that to one of the 100 00 killed or to one of the 4 million displaced.
      Just for the exercise raise a group of a hundred or so, arm them and march on Canberra ... or take place in a perfectly legal Occupation protest ... in both scenarios the capitalist Bourgeoisie will see you off with their state army - the police force - it is not called a ‘force’ for nothing. Fully armed 24/7 mounted on horseback or water cannon armed armoured vehicles.
      Do as you are told and get on with life works in both dictatorships and democracies - both are run by wealthy elite overlords.

    • The Battle Rages On says:

      07:35pm | 21/12/11

      I’m getting sick of apologists for Islam. Talk all you want about moderate, peace loving muslims but at the end of the day we are their enemies.
      Its fairly obvious that the Middle East wont know peace while western countries are interfering with political aspirations of oil rich countries. Indeed, most of the jihadist groups claim this is the main reason for the hostility and siege mentality.

      But the question must be asked, even if the west (the US in particular) did remove itself from the region, would that end the hostilities between muslims and non muslims?

      Lets not forget the Koran fundamentally advocates violence to non muslims. Its convert or die.

      Its time people forget the warm fuzzy feeling they get from being politically correct and tolerant of a culture who wont show us the same courtesy, and start to undertake measures to deal with what is potentially the biggest threat the west will face.

    • simonfromlakemba says:

      08:52pm | 21/12/11

      Saudi arabia and maybe somalia would be the only countries off the top of my head that would force people to convert.

      A lot of the middle eastern countries still have fubctioning jewish and christian populations and even iran having jews in parliament

    • The Battle Rages On says:

      10:11pm | 21/12/11

      @SimonFromLakemba

      I’m aware that there are non muslims living in the region and have been for thousands of years but you misunderstand my point.

      Islam dominates the middle east, and islam is not a peaceful religion - it seeks to dominate the rest of the world. According to islamic doctrine anyone who doesnt believe in allah is infidel and should be killed.

      Unlike christians, muslims believe the koran to be the infallible word of god, not open to interpretation. This is the core of their beliefs, and it makes all muslims a potential threat to the western world.

      Yes I am generalising but anyone who affiliates themselves with an ethos which celebrates and encourages the murder of people with different belief systems should be considered a threat.

    • Dieter Moeckel says:

      10:17am | 21/12/11

      Democracy rises?
      My dear old dead asked me to look carefully and I too observed that both cream and shit rises and floats! So does other detritus.

    • Bertrand says:

      10:24am | 21/12/11

      “However, like Egypt and Tunisia, Libya is no longer under authoritarian rule and is governed by a transitional administration.”

      Tell that to the Egyptians getting killed by their military government for protesting.

    • wakeuppls says:

      11:31am | 21/12/11

      I must say I had to laugh about democracy rising. This article has clearly been written by someone who bases their world view on papers from Fairfax or Murdoch.

      Look up the al-Qaeda and their involvement in the Libyan “fight for democracy”. My guess is you didn’t even know al-Qaeda was in Libya in the first place.

    • Dieter Moeckel says:

      11:39am | 21/12/11

      Most of the protests are not authochthonic, but instigated by some vested interest group.
      Whether I live in a democracy or in a dictatorship my options are: shut up, go to work, accept your wages, spend them appropriately and keep my ‘betters’ in the style they are accustomed.
      When a capitalist can spend $5 million on a horse race while the cleaner he employs can’t pay the basic school fees for a public school education, when children of the working class are priced out of a university education - where is the splendid prominence of democracy?

    • Robert S McCormick says:

      12:12pm | 21/12/11

      Ma be Democracy has a chance in Libya.
      However if the behaviour of the current, interiim, murderous, Military Government the, Army & Police in Egypt is anything to go by that flame will be quickly snuffed out.
      As is being so well displayed in Egypt, Russia, Syria etc. that old adage:
      “Power Corrupts, but Absolute Power Corrupts Absolutely”
      is absolutely true

    • John says:

      01:00pm | 21/12/11

      ” killing rebels who had liberated the city of Benghazi.”

      Islamic funded NATO foreign mercenaries, lead and organized by ,US, FRANCE and the UK jihadhists hacking heads off shooting dead all Africans for being suspected mercenaries is what you call a liberation for Libyans? NATO supported rebels were far more brutal and depraved then the Communists! The communist used pistols to the back of the head NATO supported Islamic Terrorist allies used axe’s!

      The western media is clearly in fictional fairy land. NATO the good guys! Gee give me a break! NATO is responsible for all these war crimes and should be put in front of the courts!!

    • John says:

      04:44pm | 21/12/11

      Democracy rises!

      Ignorance is strength! The Good is the bad, the bad is the good. The free are the oppressed while, the oppressed are the free.  The reality is when nations become free from the international western empire, the usually thing that happens are B2, B52 bombers start bombing their city’s killing civilians and deliberately destroying infrastructure.  Look they bring us freedom with bombs, missiles and bullets. It’s just one dictator to another, usually the american puppet’s, puppets, being the worse ones. They usually pick on weak targets also, like Iraq, Afghanistan Libya. Why doesn’t NATO try putting a NO-FLY zone over Moscow or Beijing?

    • marley says:

      06:37pm | 21/12/11

      “Ignorance is strength.”  Well, in that case John, you have to be in the super-heavyweight division.

    • Tim the Toolman says:

      05:56pm | 21/12/11

      I’m reminded of show which Adam Hills put on.  There was an old lady in the audience, and he asked her if we’re doing anything different now than when she was young.  Her reply was “The saaaame shit!”

      I’m inclined to apply that to what’s going on in the middle east.  It will remain a miserable hell hole that will only get worse once we move away from an oil based economy (and we will, one day, or there will be no comparable economy to speak of).

 

Facebook Recommendations

Read all about it

Punch live

Up to the minute Twitter chatter

Malcolm Farr

@nigelmcbain I don't see the nexus between gay marriage and gay sex education in schools. ACL does. Health issues should be taught whatever

Daniel Piotrowski

@jennijenni a few companies are known to do that - ask for story ideas from job applicants so they can steal them later

Malcolm Farr

: Bruce Springsteen: "I get roughed up crowdsurfing… people try to pull chunks out of me" http://t.co/jiHqt8agt9” it was him, @patricklion

Daniel Piotrowski

Ray Hadley fires back at Carlton. Great @candacesutton1 get: http://t.co/7fQzk4Xixh

Recent posts

The latest and greatest

The Punch is moving house

The Punch is moving house

Good morning Punchers. After four years of excellent fun and great conversation, this is the final post…

Will Pope Francis have the vision to tackle this?

Will Pope Francis have the vision to tackle this?

I have had some close calls, one that involved what looked to me like an AK47 pointed my way, followed…

Advocating risk management is not “victim blaming”

Advocating risk management is not “victim blaming”

In a world in which there are still people who subscribe to the vile notion that certain victims of sexual…

Nosebleed Section

choice ringside rantings

From: Hasbro, go straight to gaol, do not pass go

Tim says:

They should update other things in the game too. Instead of a get out of jail free card, they should have a Dodgy Lawyer card that not only gets you out of jail straight away but also gives you a fat payout in compensation for daring to arrest you in the first place. Instead of getting a hotel when you… [read more]

From: A guide to summer festivals especially if you wouldn’t go

Kel says:

If you want a festival for older people or for families alike, get amongst the respectable punters at Bluesfest. A truly amazing festival experience to be had of ALL AGES. And all the young "festivalgoers" usually write themselves off on the first night, only to never hear from them again the rest of… [read more]

Gentle jabs to the ribs

Superman needs saving

Superman needs saving

Can somebody please save Superman? He seems to be going through a bit of a crisis. Eighteen months ago,… Read more

28 comments

Newsletter

Read all about it

Sign up to the free News.com.au newsletter