Good afternoon, conquerers and conquered alike. If you’ve missed the news, The City of Sydney has overnight officially declared the 1788 settlement of Sydney an invasion. Council voted 7-2 in favour of the name change, citing a dictionary definition of invasion as “to take possession, to penetrate, to intrude upon, to overrun”.

Another definition we read today describes an invasion as “military action consisting of armed forces of one geopolitical entity entering territory controlled by another such entity.” By that definition, the First Fleet was no invasion. The convict ships may have had weapons, but were hardly “armed forces”. And Australia was not “controlled” by Aborigines. Yes, they controlled some aspects of the environment through practices like firestick farming, and yes, the concept of terra nullius was a disgrace. But Aborigines didn’t “control” Australia.
You can tie yourself in all kinds of knots arguing over definitions. You can also make some unbelievably foolhardy comments, as indigenous leader Paul Morris did today in a news.com.au story where he jaw-droppingly said “Jewish people wouldn’t accept a watered-down version of the Holocaust so Aborigines should be to call the events of 1788 an invasion”. From where we sit, there’s only one way to settle this. That’s to look at some of history’s famous invasions to see if they might help us assess the events of 1788…
The invasion: The Spanish and Portuguese conquistadors
The invaders: A bunch of Iberians comprised of military and volunteer militia who sailed off to the Americas to plunder and conquer.
The invaded: Highly advanced, millennia-old civilisations like the Aztecs, who succumbed to strange foreign diseases as much as the conquistadors’ superior weaponry.
So how does it help us understand 1788: While there were obviously some extremely shameful moments in early Australian colonial history, it’s worth remembering that more Aborigines succumbed to disease than gunfire. That doesn’t excuse those who used weapons, but it does remind us that, mostly, the so-called “invasion” was hardly an orchestrated campaign of genocide.
The invasion: The Normandy Landings (D-Day), which were the first day of the Invasion of Normandy
The invaders: An airborne and amphibious landing of allied forces in 1944 which involved hundreds of thousands of men.
The invaded: technically, there were no invaded, as the operation was all about giving the allies a solid platform in Europe from which they could proceed to defeat Nazi Germany.
So how does it help us understand 1788: The lesson is this. That the term invasion really is a specifically militaristic one, which doesn’t even necessitate a bunch of people who might be seen as the invaded. The term really is specific to warfare, which really does emphasise how inappropriate it is in the context of Australian colonialisation.
The invasion: The invasion of Kuwait, in which Iraq annexed its tiny neighbour, thereby precipitating Gulf War I in 1990/91.
The invaders: Iraqi troops loyal to Saddam Hussein.
The invaded: A small oil-producing gulf state with some powerful allies.
So how does it help us understand 1788: It doesn’t. Except to reiterate the fact that the term invasion usually involves a hostile armed force flouting all kinds of international laws. Once again, The Punch acknowledges that lethal force was used against Aborigines on occasion in early colonial times. But the British army never set forth to with the express purpose of using force to subdue. That it often panned out that way still doesn’t make 1788 an invasion. The birth of this land wasn’t always pretty. But it wasn’t an invasion.
Or was it?
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