Royalties and mining taxes are the price mining companies pay to the people of a state and/or country for the right to mine and sell the resources of that state and /or country. Seeing as they can only be sold by the state once, it’s important to make sure that we get the best price we can.

However, if you set the price too high, no-one will buy what you’re selling. The Rudd government’s Resource Super Profit Tax (RSPT), as it is proposed, drives the price too high.
A well designed rent tax is a very efficient and even business friendly tax. With a rent tax, you only pay tax when you are making a decent profit while the government still receives a fair price for its resources. But there is a clear need for three major changes to the RSPT.
Firstly, the definition of a super profit as anything above the 10 year bond rate is way too low. The 10 year bond rate is around 6%.
This is not an adequate return for taking the risk of building a mine.
If you are an investor looking at investing a mine you have a choice. You can take your hundreds of millions or billions of dollars and essentially put them in a bank with very little risk or you can risk losing it all, build a mine but be rewarded with a much higher return.
If the return is not sufficient, why would you risk your money? It’s an easy question to answer. You wouldn’t.
Banks and investors want to be reasonably sure that they are going to get their money back, a good profit and in good time. The proposed RSPT makes that so much harder. The definition of a super profit should be anything above two or three times the 10 yr bond rate (12-18%).
Secondly, capital expensing needs to be treated in the same way as it is in the Petroleum Resources Rent Tax (PRRT). The government should allow capital to be expensed before a rent tax kicks in. This will put new and future projects on a more even footing with existing projects. I presume that the tax is actually aimed at the long established coal and iron ore mines. Maybe the government should target just those commodities.
Third, the government should introduce a flow through share (FTS) scheme. It should do it partly because it promised to at the last election but mostly because it would ensure a strong flow of projects to pay the tax at a later date. I have written previously on this issue here.
A flow through share scheme allows exploration companies without an income stream to pass their unused tax deductions onto their shareholders who can then use those deductions against their own income.
An FTS would make it much easier for exploration companies to raise capital and would ensure a steady expansion of the exploration sector of the industry.
It is difficult to understate the importance of exploration to the industry. Almost by definition it is the future of the mining industry in Australia.
Exploration is also incredibly risky. A huge proportion of exploration companies end up being unsuccessful. It is a difficult industry in which to raise capital and Australia has fallen from being the country with the second largest share of worldwide exploration and continues to drop down the list.
Canada, which does have an FTS, has in contrast rocketed ahead and at the same time developed new capital markets. The Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) has become one of the more important exchanges in the world.
Exploration companies, instead of struggling to raise four or five million dollars at a time are able to raise $15-20 million in a float. This means they can run sustained drilling programs and see out fluctuations in the global economy.
Quite frankly, if the government is going to usurp the role of the states in mining taxation, it needs to also add to the states role in industry development to ensure the future of the industry and consequent revenue flows to government.
The tax as it is proposed is not going help the industry – especially without an FTS.
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