The 2011 Census is likely to include a flawed question on religion that will continue to dramatically over-state the extent of religious belief in Australia in spite of the trend towards atheism, agnostic and the flight from organised religion.

The 2011 Census will take place tonight. Months after that, results will be released and much will be made about the demographic changes in Australian society and what they mean.
Yet Australians are again being asked to choose a religious affiliation in a way that is problematic.
Adding to the problem there are many urban myths about the Census question on religion such as that Jedi could become a formally recognised religion if enough people write this down (it won’t) or that it is some kind of competition between Christians and Muslims.
A website has been set up to dispel some of these myths.
When census 2006 was released the media reported that around 21% of the Australian population do not believe in a supernatural god or gods. The census actually states 19% as having No Religion.
Unfortunately the headlining of these stories, such as “Australians Losing Their Faith” at the time continued the mainstream media’s habit of using terms such as non-faith or non-belief as pejoratives. But that is another issue to be answered another day.
The point I am making is that these stories also failed to mention that a further 11% did not respond to the religion question in the census at all.
Can we infer that most of this 11% do not believe, otherwise they would have chosen a religious affiliation. Can we also infer that a substantial proportion of people who selected a religious affiliation did so on the basis of their upbringing, or their ethnicity, or their family tradition and do not actually believe or practice their stated religion?
Religious affiliation is collected by the Australian Bureau of Statistic (ABS) in order to not only “satisfy wide community interest in the religious affiliations of the Australian population” but also to meet administrative needs.
These needs include planning for educational buildings and churches, aged care facilities, chaplaincy services in hospitals and other institutions and the provision of social services by religious organisations. It can also be used to allocate time to particular community groups on television programs such as Compass or radio programs like the ABC’s radio National Religion report.
Census results are also political. They are used by religious organisations to try to influence political agendas.
Whether it be Muslims seeking Sharia Law opposed by most Australians, or fundamentalist Christians in their campaign against voluntary euthanasia that most Australians support, the census will be used by any number of groups to argue their agendas have some support.
We know the religion question is framed incorrectly because church attendance figures and the fact that secular celebrants perform over 50% of marriages directly contradict the results.
Religion is defined in the ABS’s own Australian Standards of Religious Groups (ASCRG) as “…a set of beliefs and practices, usually involving acknowledgment of a divine or higher being or power, by which people order the conduct of their lives both practically and in a moral sense.”
This definition includes non theistic religions in Australia such as Buddhism and Confucianism as they believe in some supernatural elements but not a personal god.
In the census, people are asked to tick a religious affiliation or to respond as having no religion, in which case they can choose between Atheism, Agnosticism, Humanism and Rationalism.
The problem with the census capture of data is that many individuals who do not believe in a “higher being or power” as defined in the ASCRG continue to select a religious affiliation. Traditionally the religion question is placed near questions about ethnic background or identity.
Most Australians are not very religious and they tend to select the religion of their parents even if they do not practice or believe in it.
Many Australians who call themselves “Christian” rarely go to church except for funerals or believe in the supernatural. Yet many of these people will tick “Christian” without giving a thought to what that actually means. For some it just means believing in compassion or a fair go.
The following is an actual online commentator a few years back referring to the last Census who is example of this kind of problem. Name has been deleted.
I wonder what the stats would reveal if the census question was asked ‘Which religion do you PRACTICE?’. I ticked ‘Catholic’ on my census form, as I was raised a Catholic by my parents, but do no necessarily subscribe to Catholic views, nor attend church.
I wonder how many other people out there did the same thing? ie. ticked the box for the religion they were raised with, but perhaps don’t follow any longer? Posted by X of Melbourne 12.01pm June 27 2007
Religious affiliation is only important in the context of the planning and administrative reasons provided in the ASCRG when it accurately captures what a person actively believes and practices according to the selected affiliation.
If I say I am Catholic simply because I was raised Catholic, though I have not visited a church in 20 twenty years and I am deeply sceptical of the existence of a supernatural creator, then what are the Census results actually saying?
Should a Catholic church be built where I live if I have no intention of using it? Should my taxes continue to fund Chaplains in Schools, faith schools or support the non-payment of taxes by businesses owned by religions?
For this reason the census question on religion is not only failing the ASCRG’s stated aim of satisfying “wide community interest in the religious affiliations of the Australian population” but is also failing to provide data of a sufficiently high quality to be used for any planning purpose.
Discover the true extent of religious belief and we may also discover that we have been disenfranchising a very large group people for the benefit of a small group of ideologues.
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